Key findings
DOU surveyed 6,782 Ukrainian IT specialists at the end of 2025. The top five languages remained unchanged — TypeScript, Python, JavaScript, C# and Java — however the shares and role-based distribution send important signals about the industry's direction.
Figures to know
TypeScript is the primary language for 20.6% of respondents; Python — 15.9%; JavaScript — 11.5%; DB/SQL rose to 6%.
By role: among Software Engineers 25% work with TypeScript; in backend Java 26% and C# 16% lead; in Full Stack — TypeScript 33%; in Data/ML/AI — Python 75%.
Embedded: C 51%, C++ 45%. Mobile development is nearly even — Swift 31.8% and Kotlin 31.5%. Among newcomers (<1 year) the first language is Python 22.4%, then C++ 19.4% and JavaScript 16.5%. Only 19% use at work the same language they started with.
Trends: Rust rose from 19th to 16th place. For the next project respondents most often choose TypeScript 19.4% and Python 18.6%. 35% plan to learn new languages using AI tools; among C++ developers 62% are considering Rust.
"The survey shows that Ukrainian IT retains competitive advantages in applied technologies while simultaneously building competencies important for security and AI",
— The DOU team, analytics
What this means for the market and the state
These numbers are not just statistics: they shape export opportunities, salary levels, and strategic potential. TypeScript enables rapid frontend and service development, Python dominates in AI/DS, and growing interest in Rust is noticeable where security and performance matter. This directly affects the competitiveness of Ukrainian teams in global contracts and the ability to create critical solutions for defense.
Brief forecast
If a third of respondents plan to learn via AI while TypeScript and Python remain key, the market will likely move toward rapid product engineering and scaling AI solutions. The challenge for Ukraine is to synchronize education, recruiting and state policy so these skills deliver added value to the entire economy, not just to individual projects.
